diff --git a/src/gn/analyzer_unittest.cc b/src/gn/analyzer_unittest.cc
index dfd1486..8718822 100644
--- a/src/gn/analyzer_unittest.cc
+++ b/src/gn/analyzer_unittest.cc
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #include "gn/source_file.h"
 #include "gn/substitution_list.h"
 #include "gn/target.h"
+#include "gn/test_with_scheduler.h"
 #include "gn/tool.h"
 #include "gn/toolchain.h"
 #include "util/test/test.h"
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@
   ~MockLoader() override = default;
 };
 
-class AnalyzerTest : public testing::Test {
+class AnalyzerTest : public TestWithScheduler {
  public:
   AnalyzerTest()
       : loader_(new MockLoader),
diff --git a/src/gn/builder.cc b/src/gn/builder.cc
index 1f3ecd8..bf47b13 100644
--- a/src/gn/builder.cc
+++ b/src/gn/builder.cc
@@ -236,6 +236,9 @@
       for (auto* bad_record : bad_records) {
         depstring +=
             "\n\"" + bad_record->label().GetUserVisibleName(true) + "\"";
+        if (records_resolving_on_worker_.contains(bad_record)) {
+          depstring += " (currently resolving on worker)";
+        }
       }
       *err = Err(Location(), "", depstring);
     } else {
@@ -497,6 +500,7 @@
 
   if (record->type() == BuilderRecord::ITEM_TARGET) {
     Target* target = record->item()->AsTarget();
+    // All deps must be resolved before OnResolved can be called.
     if (!ResolveDeps(&target->public_deps(), err) ||
         !ResolveDeps(&target->private_deps(), err) ||
         !ResolveDeps(&target->data_deps(), err) ||
@@ -505,6 +509,10 @@
         !ResolveConfigs(&target->public_configs(), err) ||
         !ResolvePool(target, err) || !ResolveToolchain(target, err))
       return false;
+
+    // Offload Target::OnResolved to a worker thread.
+    ScheduleTargetOnResolve(record);
+    return true;
   } else if (record->type() == BuilderRecord::ITEM_CONFIG) {
     Config* config = record->item()->AsConfig();
     if (!ResolveConfigs(&config->configs(), err))
@@ -516,11 +524,47 @@
     if (!ResolvePools(toolchain, err))
       return false;
   }
-
-  record->set_resolved(true);
-
   if (!record->item()->OnResolved(err))
     return false;
+
+  return CompleteItemResolution(record, err);
+}
+
+void Builder::ScheduleTargetOnResolve(BuilderRecord* record) {
+  DCHECK(g_scheduler);
+  bool already_existed = !records_resolving_on_worker_.add(record);
+  DCHECK(!already_existed);
+
+  g_scheduler->IncrementWorkCount();
+  g_scheduler->ScheduleWork([this, record]() {
+    Err err;
+    bool success = record->item()->AsTarget()->OnResolved(&err);
+    DCHECK(success == !err.has_error());
+
+    g_scheduler->task_runner()->PostTask(
+        [this, record, err]() {
+          CompleteAsyncTargetResolution(record, err);
+        });
+  });
+}
+
+void Builder::CompleteAsyncTargetResolution(
+    BuilderRecord* record, const Err& err) {
+  records_resolving_on_worker_.erase(record);
+  if (err.has_error()) {
+    g_scheduler->FailWithError(err);
+  } else {
+    Err next_err;
+    if (!CompleteItemResolution(record, &next_err)) {
+      g_scheduler->FailWithError(next_err);
+    }
+  }
+  g_scheduler->DecrementWorkCount();
+}
+
+bool Builder::CompleteItemResolution(BuilderRecord* record, Err* err) {
+  record->set_resolved(true);
+
   if (record->should_generate() && resolved_and_generated_callback_)
     resolved_and_generated_callback_(record);
 
diff --git a/src/gn/builder.h b/src/gn/builder.h
index a9c01aa..e4d996c 100644
--- a/src/gn/builder.h
+++ b/src/gn/builder.h
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "gn/builder_record_map.h"
 #include "gn/label.h"
 #include "gn/label_ptr.h"
+#include "gn/pointer_set.h"
 #include "gn/unique_vector.h"
 
 class ActionValues;
@@ -121,6 +122,9 @@
   // This takes a BuilderRecord with resolved dependencies, and fills in the
   // target's Label*Vectors with the resolved pointers.
   bool ResolveItem(BuilderRecord* record, Err* err);
+  void ScheduleTargetOnResolve(BuilderRecord* record);
+  void CompleteAsyncTargetResolution(BuilderRecord* record, const Err& err);
+  bool CompleteItemResolution(BuilderRecord* record, Err* err);
 
   // Fills in the pointers in the given vector based on the labels. We assume
   // that everything should be resolved by this point, so will return an error
@@ -144,6 +148,8 @@
 
   ResolvedGeneratedCallback resolved_and_generated_callback_;
 
+  PointerSet<const BuilderRecord> records_resolving_on_worker_;
+
   Builder(const Builder&) = delete;
   Builder& operator=(const Builder&) = delete;
 };
diff --git a/src/gn/builder_unittest.cc b/src/gn/builder_unittest.cc
index 59068a6..59b58f8 100644
--- a/src/gn/builder_unittest.cc
+++ b/src/gn/builder_unittest.cc
@@ -166,6 +166,7 @@
   b->set_output_type(Target::SHARED_LIBRARY);
   b->visibility().SetPublic();
   builder_.ItemDefined(std::unique_ptr<Item>(b));
+  scheduler().Run();
 
   // B depends only on the already-loaded C and toolchain so we shouldn't have
   // requested anything else.
@@ -253,6 +254,7 @@
   a->public_deps().push_back(LabelTargetPair(b_label));
   a->set_output_type(Target::EXECUTABLE);
   builder_.ItemDefined(std::unique_ptr<Item>(a));
+  scheduler().Run();
 
   // A should have the generate bit set since it's in the default toolchain.
   BuilderRecord* a_record = builder_.GetRecord(a_label);
@@ -290,6 +292,7 @@
 
   Target* b = new Target(&settings2, b_label);
   b->set_output_type(Target::EXECUTABLE);
+  b->visibility().SetPublic();  // Allow 'a' to depend on 'b'
   b->gen_deps().push_back(LabelTargetPair(c_label));
   builder_.ItemDefined(std::unique_ptr<Item>(b));
 
@@ -305,6 +308,7 @@
   Target* d = new Target(&settings2, d_label);
   d->set_output_type(Target::EXECUTABLE);
   builder_.ItemDefined(std::unique_ptr<Item>(d));
+  scheduler().Run();
 
   BuilderRecord* a_record = builder_.GetRecord(a_label);
   BuilderRecord* b_record = builder_.GetRecord(b_label);
@@ -335,12 +339,14 @@
   Target* a = new Target(&settings_, a_label);
   a->gen_deps().push_back(LabelTargetPair(b_label));
   a->set_output_type(Target::EXECUTABLE);
+  a->visibility().SetPublic(); // Allow 'b' to depend on 'a'
   builder_.ItemDefined(std::unique_ptr<Item>(a));
 
   Target* b = new Target(&settings2, b_label);
   b->private_deps().push_back(LabelTargetPair(a_label));
   b->set_output_type(Target::EXECUTABLE);
   builder_.ItemDefined(std::unique_ptr<Item>(b));
+  scheduler().Run();
 
   Err err;
   EXPECT_TRUE(builder_.CheckForBadItems(&err));
diff --git a/src/gn/item.h b/src/gn/item.h
index dd1a606..4a6e193 100644
--- a/src/gn/item.h
+++ b/src/gn/item.h
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@
   // Called when this item is resolved, meaning it and all of its dependents
   // have no unresolved deps. Returns true on success. Sets the error and
   // returns false on failure.
+  // Can be called from any thread, so must not mutate dependencies.
   virtual bool OnResolved(Err* err);
 
  private: